Core Base Oil Components
Mineral Oil: Typically constitutes the largest share; composed primarily of various hydrocarbons. Classified by distillation fraction into light, medium, heavy, and high-viscosity lubricating oils. It is cost-effective and meets lubrication and rust-prevention requirements for standard operating conditions.
Synthetic Oil: Chemically synthesized oils. Common types include polyalphaolefins (PAOs), polyol esters, and polymethacrylates (and their copolymers). They offer excellent high-temperature and oxidative stability, making them suitable for extreme operating environments involving high/low temperatures and high pressures.
Core Functional Substance
Fatty Acid Triglycerides: These are the core functional components retained after refining raw materials such as waste cooking oil; they also serve as the primary feedstock for further processing into biodiesel and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF).
Functional Additives
Additives account for only 3%–15% of the composition but are crucial for fine-tuning the oil's performance. Common types include antioxidants, extreme-pressure anti-wear agents, and pour-point depressants. They are used to specifically enhance properties such as aging resistance, wear resistance, and low-temperature flow characteristics.
